HTML 布局-1.20HTML 基础教程

阅读 · 发布日期 2019-07-06 07:13 · admin

网站常常以多列显示内容（就像杂志和报纸）。

London

London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom, with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.

Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium.

使用 <div> 元素的 HTML 布局

注释：<div> 元素常用作布局工具，因为能够轻松地通过 CSS 对其进行定位。

这个例子使用了四个 <div> 元素来创建多列布局：

实例

<body>

<div id="header">
<h1>City Gallery</h1>
</div>

<div id="nav">
London<br>
Paris<br>
Tokyo<br>
</div>

<div id="section">
<h1>London</h1>
<p>
London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.
</p>
<p>
Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia,
its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium.
</p>
</div>

<div id="footer">
Copyright W3School.com.cn
</div>

</body>

CSS：

<style>
#header {
    background-color:black;
    color:white;
    text-align:center;
    padding:5px;
}
#nav {
    line-height:30px;
    background-color:#eeeeee;
    height:300px;
    width:100px;
    float:left;
    padding:5px; 
}
#section {
    width:350px;
    float:left;
    padding:10px; 
}
#footer {
    background-color:black;
    color:white;
    clear:both;
    text-align:center;
    padding:5px; 
}
</style>

使用 HTML5 的网站布局

HTML5 提供的新语义元素定义了网页的不同部分：

HTML5 语义元素

header	定义文档或节的页眉
nav	定义导航链接的容器
section	定义文档中的节
article	定义独立的自包含文章
aside	定义内容之外的内容（比如侧栏）
footer	定义文档或节的页脚
details	定义额外的细节
summary	定义 details 元素的标题

这个例子使用 <header>, <nav>, <section>, 以及 <footer> 来创建多列布局：

实例

<body>

<header>
<h1>City Gallery</h1>
</header>

<nav>
London<br>
Paris<br>
Tokyo<br>
</nav>

<section>
<h1>London</h1>
<p>
London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.
</p>
<p>
Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia,
its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium.
</p>
</section>

<footer>
Copyright W3School.com.cn
</footer>

</body>

CSS

<style>
header {
    background-color:black;
    color:white;
    text-align:center;
    padding:5px; 
}
nav {
    line-height:30px;
    background-color:#eeeeee;
    height:300px;
    width:100px;
    float:left;
    padding:5px; 
}
section {
    width:350px;
    float:left;
    padding:10px; 
}
footer {
    background-color:black;
    color:white;
    clear:both;
    text-align:center;
    padding:5px; 
}

使用表格的 HTML 布局

注释：<table> 元素不是作为布局工具而设计的。

<table> 元素的作用是显示表格化的数据。

使用 <table> 元素能够取得布局效果，因为能够通过 CSS 设置表格元素的样式：

实例

<body>

<table class="lamp">
<tr>
  <th>
    <img src="/images/lamp.jpg" alt="Note" style="height:32px;width:32px">
  </th>
  <td>
    The table element was not designed to be a layout tool.
  </td>
</tr>
</table>

</body>

CSS

<style>
table.lamp {
    width:100%;
    border:1px solid #d4d4d4;
}
table.lamp th, td {
    padding:10px;
}
table.lamp td {
    width:40px;
}
</style>